miercuri, 4 august 2010

Engleza britanica vs. engleza americana




Accumulator         battery, car battery

Alsatian (dog)       German shepherd

Articulated lorry    tractor-trailer (truck), a "semi"

Ass                       donkey

Athletics               track and field

Backlog                 log-jam, pile-up (of business orders, for example);
     U.S. backlog = comfortable reserve of orders

Bank holiday          holiday

Bap                           bun, hamburger bun, hamburger roll

Mrs. Beeton             Fanny Farmer 
                                  (standard cooking, household reference book)

Bespoke                    custom-tailored, tailor-made

Big Dipper                 roller coaster (at a "Fun-Fair" = "Amusement Park")

Bilberry                     blueberry

"Bird"                        "chick"

Biro                            Papermate 

Biscuit                        cookie

Blancmange              vanilla pudding

Block,
block of flats             apartment building
 
"Bomb" 
(theater terminology)      a "hit," a great success
Boiler suit                  overalls

Bonnet                       hood (of a car...)

Boot                           trunk (of a car...)

Bottom drawer         hope chest

Bowler (hat)             derby

Braces                        suspenders

Brambleberry            blackberry

Bottom of the street          end of the street

Box (TV)                    Tube (both slang, colloquial terms)

Bull                             "mickey mouse" (unnecessary military drill)

Bum                            ass, rectum

Bun in the oven         pregnant, eating for two

Call box                      (tele)phone booth

Camp bed                  cot; U.S. 

Car park                     parking lot

Caretaker
(for a building)         janitor

Carriage                    railroad car, subway car

Carrier bag               shopping bag

Caucus                      permanent group in a political party

Central reservation  median strip (between halves of a divided highway)

Charge sheet            police record

Chemist
(drugstore)               druggist

Chips                          French fries;

Chucker-out              bouncer (doorman or "enforcer" in a bar/restaurant)

"In the City"              "on Wall Street" (in main financial district)

City editor                financial editor; U.S. city editor = G.B. "community news editor"

Cloakroom                 toilet; 
                                    U.S. cloakroom - clothes closet, garment  storage area

Coach                         intercity bus

Combinations           union suit (colloquial for long underwear)

Comforter                 scarf; U.S. comforter = heavy quilt, blanket

Compére                   Master of ceremonies, M.C. (of TV game show, etc.)

Constable                 (police) officer

"cop"                        "to get" something unpleasant, i.e. "to cop a 15-pound fine." U.S. "to cop" = to plead guilty to a lesser charge in order to avoid prosecution ; probable conviction on a more serious charge ("to cop a plea" = "plea-bargaining")

Corn                            all grain crops; U.S. corn = G.B. "maize" only.

Costermonger          pushcart seller

(Sent to) Coventry  ostracized

Crisps                         potato chips

Cupboard                   closet; U.S. closet = G.B. w.c., or toilet

Davenport               antique folding writing desk; 
                                  U.S. davenport = large sofa, often which folds out into a bed at night.

Deposit account       savings account

Dinner jacket            tuxedo ("black tie" formal dress)

Dormitory                  bedroom; U.S. dormitory = G.B. residence hall

Dresser                      kitchen sideboard; U.S. dresser = bedroom drawers, vanity

"Duck"                       "goose egg" 
                                   (a zero on the scoreboard of a sports match)

Dumb                        mute; U.S. dumb usually means "stupid" rather than "mute," which is a secondary meaning in U.S. usage.

Dustbin                     garbage can, ashcan (exterior waste-disposal unit)

Dynamo                    generator (within automobile engine)

Earth wire                ground wire (in electricity, electronics)

Elastic band              rubber band

Enjoin                        to compel, to legally force; U.S. enjoin = to legally forbid — i.e. same    term in same general contextual usage has precisely the opposite meaning

Ex-serviceman         veteran; U.S. veteran = G.B. old ex-serviceman; (U.S. term has no special age connotation, only that the person have had prior military experience sometime)

Fag                             (a) cigarette; (b) public-school underclass "servant";  U.S. fag = low-slang term for male homosexual.

First floor                   second floor, etc. (Britain walks in ground floor, goes up 1 set of stairs to first floor; U.S. ground floor and first floor are the same.

Fish slice              pancake turner, spatula (kitchen tool); U.S. spatula = G.B. tongue depressor (medical instrument)

Fitted carpet            wall-to-wall carpeting

Flan                            pie, fruit pie

Flannel                       washcloth; U.S. flannel = heavy warm cotton fabric; "flannels" would be long underwear made from such heavy warm fabric.

Flat                             apartment; U.S. flat = tenement flat = poor-standard slum apartment.
Flick knife                   switch-blade knife, a switchblade

Flyover                       overpass (as in a bridge over a road); U.S. flyover = airplane passing over a certain place, as in military parade "flyovers"; verb is "to overfly."

Form (school)           grade (i.e. first form = first grade in school)

Garden                      yard; U.S. garden, vegetable garden, fljower garden, i.e. area of special cultivation. U.S. yard = G.B. paved area (lorry yards) 
Goods (car, train)   freight; U.S. goods = supplies, commercial stock 
Grind                         sexual intercourse; U.S. grind = slang for "hard (routine) work."
 
Haberdasher           notions seller; U.S. haberdasher = men's clothing seller
 
To Hack                    to (deliberately) kick; U.S. to hack = to chop, cut viciously. 
High street               Main street 
Hire                           to rent (in most cases); U.S. to hire = to employ Hire-purchase = (the "never-never") = installment plan
 
Hoarding                  billboard (large advertising sign alongside road) 
Hold up                     traffic jam; U.S. holdup = robbery at gunpoint. 
Homely                      home-loving, domestic, pleasant; U.S. homely, plain- looking (female), therefore often "left" at home. 
To Hoover                to vacuum (carpets, etc.) "Hoover" in the U.S. is a brand name only, never used as a verb. 
Inland                        internal, domestic (Inland Revenue = Internal Revenue) 
Inverted commas    quotation marks (GB = 'xx'; USA = "xx") 
Inquiry agent            private detective 
"On the job"             having sexual intercourse; U.S. "on the job" = while working, learning, i.e. "on the job training." 
Joint                           pot roast; U.S. "joint" = marijuana cigarette
 
Juggernaut lorry      a very large truck, an overlong truck, a "double semi" truck
 
Jumble sale               rummage sale 
Jumper                       light pullover (sweater); U.S. jumper = type of knee- length woman's dress worn over blouse or sweater
 
Kirby grips                bobby pins (to fasten long hair ...) 
A Knock-up               (tennis) to warm up, to volley a few, to practice-volley 
Knock up             to awaken, call early in the morning; U.S. "to knock up" is colloquial for "to impregnate"
Lacquer                     hairspray; U.S. lacquer, wood varnish, shellac (high-gloss)

Ladder                       (in women's stockings" = a runner, a run
 
Lay-by                       (beside a road) = a pull-off, a rest area.
 
Left-luggage office  check room, baggage check (room)
 
Level crossing           railroad crossing.
 
Lift                              elevator


Lip balm                     chapstick

             
Logic-chopping         splitting hairs, hair-splitting
 
Long jump
(in athletics)              broad jump (in track and field)
 
Lorry                           truck
 
Loud-hailer                bullhorn, amplified megaphone
 
Lucky dip                   grab bag (children's party game or activity ...) • Lumber room = spare room, storage room (in a home)
 
Mackintosh                raincoat, overcoat, trenchcoat

Market garden          truck farm
Marrow
(vegetable)               squash, gourd
 
Mason                         stoneworker; U.S. mason can be stone- or brickworker
 
Marriage lines           marriage certificate
 
Mean                           stingy, tight with money; U.S. "mean" normally means nasty, spiteful, ill-meaning in action toward another
 
Mess kit                       formal military dress for ceremonial dining; U.S. mess kit = army or boy scout utensils for cooking or eating a meal on the trail. 
Minced meat               hamburger meat, ground beef; U.S. mincemeat, sweet, spicy ground meat/fruit/nut combination used for making pies, especially around Thanksgiving/Christmas 
Mineral water             any carbonated soft drink; U.S. mineral water = bottled natural water (containing normal minerals) from spring or health spa, Perrier water, etc. 
Mistress                       teacher in girls' school; U.S. mistress = lover (extramarital) 
Mob                              gang, group (neutral); U.S. mob = angry crowd; "the mob" = Mafia
 
Motorist, motoring     driver, driving
 
Music Hall                     vaudeville (generic entertainment type/place name)
 
Nappy                          diaper (for infants not toilet-trained)
 
A Neat drink                a straight drink, i.e. "give me a straight whiskey" = whiskey without water or other additives
 
Nervy                           nervous, jumpy; U.S. nervy = bold, impertinent, i.e. nearly the opposite of the British usage
 
Night club                   private membership club; U.S. nightclubs are public (commercial) entertainment places 
Number plate             license plate (on automobiles)
 
Off-license                  liquor store
 
Old boy (girl)              alumni, alumnus, alumna (of a school)
 
Pantechnicon              moving van
 
Panda car                    police patrol car, police cruiser
 
Patience
(card game)               Solitaire

Pecker
(keep your pecker up)        keep your chin up
 
Pram                            baby carriage, baby buggy, stroller, walker
 
Petrol                           gasoline, gas (to go in automobiles, airplane, etc.)
 
Pie                                meat pie; U.S. pie is always a fruit or fruit-derived pie, unless "a meat pie" is specifically indicated 
Pillar-box                    mailbox, post office box, letter box, letter drop
 
Pissed                          drunk; U.S. "pissed = angry, upset
 
Pitch (soccer)            field (football) (GB "football" = US "soccer")
 
Plimsolls                      sneakers, tennis shoes, gym shoes
 
Point                            electric outlet, railroad switch (depending on context)
 
Polka dots                   chocolate chips (food product for baking)
 
Prawn                          shrimp
 
Prom, prom concert   music concerts where most of the audience is standing; U.S. prom = dance, semi-formal, especially at end of year in high schools, colleges 
Rates                            local, municipal property taxes
 
Redundant                   laid off (from a job); U.S. redundant = superfluous (no connotation of connection with jobs at all)
 
Return ticket               round-trip ticket
 
Ringway                       circular road (around a city), bypass
 
Rise                               raise in salary
 
Roger                           to "screw," have sex with; to exploit, take advantage of, to use
  
Roll neck/pullover      turtleneck (sweater)
 
Roundabout                traffic circle
 
Rubber                         eraser; U.S. rubber = condom, prophylactic device
 
Saloon                         "sedan" car (automobile); US saloon = western-style bar
 
Saloon bar                   one section of an English pub
 
Sanitary towel             sanitary napkin, feminine hygienic item
 
A good screw               a good salary; U.S. "good screw" equals good "fuck" or good sexual experience
 
To Screw                      to cajole, persuade, extract money from; U.S. "to screw" = to have sex with, fornicate
 
Season ticket               commuter (train, bus) weekly or monthly ticket; U.S. season ticket is admission ticket to all home games in one season of a particular sports team
 
To Second to                to temporarily loan staff to another job or unit
 
Sellotape                       Scotch tape (both brand names now used as "generics"
 
"Semi"                          duplex, duplex house; U.S. "semi" = tractor-trailer truck rig
 
Seminary                      Roman Catholic seminary only; U.S. Seminary can be ANY religion, i.e. Lutheran, Methodist seminaries
 
Sherbet                         powdered, fruit-flavored candy; U.S. sherbet = G.B. sorbet
 
Shorthand-typist         stenographer
 
To shy                           to throw something (he shied a rock at the stray dog...)
 
Sideboards                   sideburns (in a hairstyle)
 
Single                            one-way ticket; U.S. "single" in context would mean "only one" as opposed to "several" tickets
 
To Snog                         to neck (i.e. kissing, hugging, etc., esp teenagers)
 
Spinster                         any unmarried woman; U.S. spinster is always OLD unmarried woman
 
Standard lamp              floor lamp (as opposed to table or wall lamp)
 
S.T.D. (subscriber trunk dialling)     
                                        direct distance dialling 
                                     (on the telephone, as opposed to dialling   through operator)
 
Steps                              ladder; U.S. "steps" always would mean staircase, built- in stairway or staircase
 
stream
(pupils in a school)       to track (streaming = tracking)
 
Stroke (punctuation)   diagonal, slash
 
To Stuff                          to fornicate, have sex with; U.S. "I'm stuffed..." = to be comfortably, pleasantly full of food, satiated
 
Sub-editor                     copy reader or rewrite person, in journalism
 
Subs                               dues, as in union dues, etc.
 
Subway                         underground walking passage, underpass, pedestrian tunnel; U.S. subway = G.B. "underground," i.e. underground railway system for public transportation
 
Superannuation scheme   retirement pension plan
 
Supply teacher             substitute teacher
 
Supertax                       surtax
 
Surgery                         a doctor's office, office hours, reception time; U.S. "surgery" refers to "surgeon" operating on a patient
 
Suspenders                  garters, for socks or stockings only; U.S. suspenders = G.B. braces, for holding up trousers
 
Sweet                            dessert, or piece of candy
 
Sweetshop                    candy store
 
To Table (parliamentary procedure, conference terminology)
           to put on agenda for immediate handling; U.S. "to table" = to put aside [indefinitely], to delay further handling
 
Tannoy                          public address (p.a.) amplification system
 
Teat                               baby bottle nipple; US teat = GB nipple = breast nipple
 
Terrace house              row house, garden apartment, town house
 
Are you Through?       are you connected; U.S. "are you through"? = are you finished, completed, with your call
 
To tick                            to check, place check mark beside
 
Tights                             hose, panty hoseh, nylons, nylon stockings; U.S. tights = leotards, skin-tight exercise suit, knit stocking pants
 
Tinkle                             telephone call [give me a tinkle sometime]; U.S. "tinkle" = children's talk for "to urinate"
 
Tip                                  garbage dump; U.S. tip = hint, advice, clue
 
Torch                             flashlight; U.S. torch = burning, flaming light or weapon
 
Touchline                      sideline (in sports, such as on soccer pitch, etc.)
 
Tower block                 high-rise apartment building
 
Trade union                 labor union (but usually organized by "trades" in England, by "industry" in the U.S. — US "Auto Workers' Union" would be represented by different "trades" in GB)
 
Tram                              streetcar, trolley car
 
Transport cafe             truck stop (roadside cafeteria, restaurant, popular with truck [lorry] drivers
 
Traveller                        travelling salesman
 
Treacle                           molasses
 
Trousers                        pants; U.S. pants = G.B. underwear shorts
 
Trunk call                       long-distance call (on a telephone)
 
Turn it up                       stop it, cut it out! U.S. "turn it up" = increase the volume
 
Undercarrige                landing gear (aircraft)
 
Underdone                    rare (extent to which you wish your meat cooked)
 
Underground                subway (cf "subway")
 
Vest                                undershirt; U.S. Vest = G.B. waistcoat
 
Windscreen                   windshield
 
Wing                               fender, bumper (pre-70s designs...)
 
White spirit                  turpentine, paint thinner; U.S. "white lightning" (spirits) = potent home-distilled backwoods alcohol!
 
Wholemeal                    whole-wheat (bread, flour, etc.)
 
Yankee/Yank               any American in general, U.S. Yankee = Northeast erner ONLY, i.e. specific regional, historical definition
 
Zebra crossing             crosswalk, pedestrian crossing 
"Zed"                             "Zee" (pronunciation of last letter in alphabet)